2.4. The law of unity and conflict of opposites
V. I. Melnikov
As known, the law of unity and conflict of opposites (LO) is one of the most common laws of dialectics, that was the most efficient formulated by Gegel, although some of its basics appeared in the Ancient Greece (Heraclit). We have to mention one of possible sources of LO – the word “opposites” that exists in all developed languages. In this word we could see obscured contours of the LO. Opposites are facing one another but are together (!). Gegel spreads this law on the field of “absolute spirit” and a reason of “self motion” is discovered exactly in it.
It is easy to see that in the LO as in a germ we can recognize basic contours of elementary CS, that consists of an object and anti-object (opposites), that are together in one CS (unity), but are different by a level of state and interact because of it (conflict).
Thus, this law is a kind of a structural and functional model of CS. The conceptual supremacy of “absolute spirit”, total absence of ties with science, with physics in particular, main orientation of philosophy on quasi-philosophy not on practical problem solution have restricted model capabilities. In particular on the stated reasons maybe the quantity description of CS was not developed, i.e. the notion of absolute close system could not appear, direction “self motion” is not defined (taking into account that the notion “progress” is tautological by its name), parameters of an interaction problems and dependences that connect them. Ambiguity and vagueness of terminology that is used in law formulation and absence of experimental validity have to be attributed as well.
Comparison of structure and functions of a closed system and the matter of the mentioned law of dialectic shows their obvious likeness. The difference is in interpretation of the notions of opposites and self motion. Their interpretation in the TCS is filled with physical content and extends the field of law and, in particular the notion of opposites, including a possibility of their influence on science. The notion closed system is related to material world. Besides the notion state has quantity expression and subordinates to a law of external state conservation.
Self motion in dialectic as not determined in quantity and direction. In the TCS interaction of an object and anti-object has strict analytic description and concrete methodological “exit” on physical problems solving, in particular on phenomena of gravity and repulsion, inertia etc.
Therefore, synthesis of law of unity and conflict of opposites ideas and an elementary CS allows widen the possibilities of interpretation of many scientific problems and promote their studying and solving.